88 houses to rent in Madurai

Phone number 77083 58078It has pooja room. Just 1km from fenner Just 100mts from bus stop. Just 50mts from weekly market. Just 700mts from IT company. Pets allowed. Only Bike and small cars parking available More About This Property Check out this Independent House available for rent in Kochadai in Madurai. It is a 3 BHK unit that comes at an affordable rent, with modern features and premium amenities to suit your lifestyle needs. The unit is unfurnished. It is an East facing property that has been constructed as per Vastu principles. With numerous new-age amenities and green surroundings, this Independent House provides a convenient lifestyle for residents. A spacious house for your family, this unit includes 3 bedrooms. There are 2 bathroom and 0 balcony. It has a built-up area of 1000 square_feet. The carpet area is 950 square_feet. The monthly rent is Rs 17000 and the security deposit to be paid by residents is Rs 140000. Project Highlights The developer also provides other units o

Located in desirable and peaceful neighborhood of p&t nagar, madurai, this independent 3 bhk villa is built on a 2,628 sq. Ft. Plot with an 1,600 sq. Ft. Unfurnished living space spread across two floors (Ground and first). With 3 bedrooms and 3 bathrooms, this 10+ year-Old well-Maintained property is designed to provide comfortable, private family living. The thoughtful layout features two bedrooms on the ground floor, and one bedroom along with a second kitchen on the first floor, offering a fully functional kitchen conveniently located on each level. Available from november 1, 2026. Key details Type: Independent 3 bhk villa (Unfurnished) Land area: 2,628 sq. Ft. Built-Up area: 1,600 sq. Ft. (800 sq. Ft. Ground + 800 sq. Ft. First floor) Bedrooms / bathrooms: 3 bedrooms, 3 bathrooms Kitchens: 2 (One on each floor) Water supply: Dedicated very deep borewell for an independent and reliable water source Availability: From november 1, 2026 Highlights & location advantages Serene surround

ss colony individual house available 35k rent. it's near hospital, temple, grocery shop also available. More About This Property This Independent House can be a comfortable and affordable home for your family. It is a 3 BHK unit available on rent at S S Colony in Madurai. This Independent House comes with a plethora of amenities to meet your modern lifestyle needs. It is semi furnished. Offering beautiful city views, this 3 BHK has been thoughtfully developed. It includes a total of 3 bedrooms and 3 bathroom. The property is East facing. It also includes 1 balcony that can be a perfect place for relaxation. The built-up area of the Independent House is 2000 square_feet. The carpet area is 1990 square_feet. The Independent House is available for a monthly rent of Rs 35000. The security deposit payable is Rs 200000. Project Highlights The locality S S Colony where this Independent House is situated, has well-equipped social infrastructure. Those who need medical assistance in emergencies

kochadai madurai individual housh 3bhk available in 30k near passport office, schools, banks, and temples also available. More About This Property This is a modern and stylish home available for affordable rent in Madurai. It is a 3 BHK Independent House situated at Kochadai. Designed to meet your lifestyle needs, the Independent House provides a range of modern amenities for the comfort of the residents. It is semi furnished. Modern home seekers will experience a comfortable living in this 3 BHK property. The 3 BHK unit is elegantly designed to meet your housing needs. The Independent House has 3 bedrooms. It has 3 bathroom. The 3 BHK unit also includes 1 balcony giving splendid views of the surroundings. It is a East facing unit, designed as per Vastu principles. The built-up area of the Independent House is 2000 square_feet. The carpet area is 1980 square_feet. The monthly rent for the Independent House is Rs 30000. The security deposit is Rs 200000. Project Highlights The developer

New house for rent, suitable for small family and women's/ girls. More About This Property Your search for a spacious home at affordable rent in Madurai ends here. This 1 BHK Independent House in Kochadai is all that you have been looking for! Designed as North facing, the unit is compliant with Vastu principles. The 1 BHK property offers a serene environment with excellent views of the city. This Independent House is equipped with the latest lifestyle amenities and all the conveniences at the doorstep. It is Unfurnished Independent House. The Independent House has been thoughtfully designed to meet a familys space needs, with 1 bedroom. It includes 1 bathroom. There are 0 balcony that lets you enjoy scenic views. The built-up area of this Independent House is 550 Square feet. The carpet area is 500 Square feet. Residents need to pay a monthly rent of Rs 7500. The security deposit payable is Rs 50000. Project Highlights The Independent House is in proximity to major landmarks in Madura

This Independent House can be a comfortable and affordable home for your family. It is a 3 BHK unit available on rent at B B Kulam in Madurai. This Independent House comes with a plethora of amenities to meet your modern lifestyle needs. It is unfurnished. Offering beautiful city views, this 3 BHK has been thoughtfully developed. It includes a total of 3 bedrooms and 3 bathroom. The property is North facing. It also includes 0 balcony that can be a perfect place for relaxation. The built-up area of the Independent House is 1800 square_feet. The Independent House is available for a monthly rent of Rs 19000. The security deposit payable is Rs 100000. Project Highlights The locality B B Kulam where this Independent House is situated, has well-equipped social infrastructure. Those who need medical assistance in emergencies can be worry-free as there are hospitals close by, such as Easvara Hospital, Ahana Hospitals - KK Nagar Branch, Vadamalayan Hospitals Pvt Ltd The unit is in None. The re

Check this beautiful 2 BHK Independent House available for rent in Madurai. Nestled at a prime location in Avaniyapuram, it is an ideal home for those looking for a modern lifestyle. The Independent House is unfurnished, available for affordable rent. This 2 BHK unit is inside a gated society equipped with various amenities and ample greenery. The Independent House is thoughtfully designed to ensure a comfortable living. It includes 2 bedrooms and 2 bathroom. It also has 1 balcony that have been spaciously designed and allow you to enjoy the magnificent views of the surroundings. The Independent House is Vastu-compliant and designed as South facing house. The carpet area of this property is 200 square_feet. The built-up area is 1000 square_feet. The monthly rent for this Independent House is Rs 10500, and the security deposit is Rs 80000. Project Highlights The Avaniyapuram where the property is situated is well-developed and well-connected to the rest of the city. Several healthcare c

This Independent House can be a comfortable and affordable home for your family. It is a 1 BHK unit available on rent at Avaniyapuram in Madurai. This Independent House comes with a plethora of amenities to meet your modern lifestyle needs. It is unfurnished. Offering beautiful city views, this 1 BHK has been thoughtfully developed. It includes a total of 1 bedroom and 2 bathroom. The property is East facing. It also includes 1 balcony that can be a perfect place for relaxation. The built-up area of the Independent House is 400 square_feet. The carpet area is 350 square_feet. The Independent House is available for a monthly rent of Rs 5000. The security deposit payable is Rs 5000. Project Highlights The locality Avaniyapuram where this Independent House is situated, has well-equipped social infrastructure. Those who need medical assistance in emergencies can be worry-free as there are hospitals close by, such as Aravind Eye Hospital - Madurai, Arun Hospital Pvt Ltd, Madurai, Iswarya IV

Here is an excellent 1 BHK Independent House available for rent in Madurai. Surrounded by natural greens and equipped with numerous amenities, this rented 1 BHK house offers a comfortable lifestyle for families. It is a spacious property nestled in Avaniyapuram that enjoys good connectivity to major landmarks of the city. The Independent House is designed as per modern construction standards. It has 1 bedroom and 1 bathroom. It is East facing. The 1 BHK unit is thoughtfully designed to meet the space needs of a modern family and allows ample sunlight and fresh air. This Independent House has 600 Square feet of built-up area. It has a carpet area of 500 Square feet. The monthly rent payable is Rs 10000, and the security deposit to be paid is Rs 60000. Project Highlights Several lifestyle amenities have been provided for the residents of this Independent House to ensure a sophisticated living. The locality Avaniyapuram provides comfortable social infrastructure. Residents have easy acces

Near and walkable distance TVS sundaram school,Indian Bank,Madurai college and tamilnadu polytechnic More About This Property Here is an excellent 1 BHK Independent House available for rent in Madurai. Surrounded by natural greens and equipped with numerous amenities, this rented 1 BHK house offers a comfortable lifestyle for families. It is a spacious property nestled in Jaihindpuram that enjoys good connectivity to major landmarks of the city. The Independent House is designed as per modern construction standards. It has 1 bedroom and 1 bathroom. It is North facing. The 1 BHK unit is thoughtfully designed to meet the space needs of a modern family and allows ample sunlight and fresh air. This Independent House has 410 Square feet of built-up area. The monthly rent payable is Rs 6500, and the security deposit to be paid is Rs 30000. Project Highlights Several lifestyle amenities have been provided for the residents of this Independent House to ensure a sophisticated living. The locali

Srikanth Bavanam Nehru Nagar Bye Pass Road Vasugi street near Kavian elite appartment both water available 3 kms from Railway station and Periyar Busstand More About This Property Check this beautiful 2 BHK Independent House available for rent in Madurai. Nestled at a prime location in Palangantham, it is an ideal home for those looking for a modern lifestyle. The Independent House is fully furnished, available for affordable rent. This 2 BHK unit is inside a gated society equipped with various amenities and ample greenery. The Independent House is thoughtfully designed to ensure a comfortable living. It includes 2 bedrooms and 2 bathroom. It also has 1 balcony that have been spaciously designed and allow you to enjoy the magnificent views of the surroundings. The Independent House is Vastu-compliant and designed as North facing house. The carpet area of this property is 790 square_feet. The built-up area is 1000 square_feet. The monthly rent for this Independent House is Rs 10000, and

A spacious home designed for families aspiring for a modern lifestyle, this Independent House is available for affordable rent in Madurai. It is a 1 BHK Independent House situated in Avaniyapuram at a coveted location with well-developed infrastructure. This Independent House is a good example of a well-planned residential property with all new-age conveniences available for the residents. The unit is semi furnished. The 1 BHK property has been impeccably designed property to meet the space needs of a contemporary home seeker. The property is East facing, built as per Vastu principles. There are 1 bedroom and 1 bathroom. There are 0 balcony, giving majestic views of the outside world. The built-up area of this property is 720 square_feet. The monthly rent that has to be paid is Rs 8000. The security deposit payable by the residents is Rs 80000. Project Highlights Families living in this Independent House will find several hospitals in the neighbourhood like Aravind Eye Hospital - Madur

If you are looking for a modern house on rent in Madurai, this Independent House in Viswanathapuram can be your perfect home. It is a 1 BHK Independent House designed to meet your space and lifestyle needs. The 1 BHK unit is unfurnished. This rented 1 BHK property is spacious and well-designed, with access to all the conveniences for any modern home seeker. It also has 0 balcony, giving uninterrupted views of the surroundings. There is lush greenery around this Independent House. It is a East facing Independent House designed as per Vastu principles. The carpet area of this unit is 550 square_feet. The built-up area is 600 square_feet. The monthly rent payable for this Independent House is Rs 7500. The security deposit is Rs 30000. Project Highlights The project also offers 1 BHK units. It is equipped with the latest security features like cctv facility, ensuring a secure environment for families. The project also enjoys a strategic location with easy access to healthcare centres such

HOUSE FOR RENT MADURAI MAIN A 1 BHK individual house is available for rent, ideally suited for families. Prime Location: Very close to Periyar Bus Stand, Madurai. Nearby Amenities: Schools and colleges Periyar Bus Stand Hospitals and medical facilities Shopping areas and supermarkets Easy access to public transportation Excellent location with all essential amenities nearby! More About This Property This is a well-designed 1 BHK Independent House available for rent. It is situated in a prime location of Madurai at Madurai Main. This modern Independent House is Unfurnished. The 1 BHK unit fulfills all the needs of a modern lifestyle for families. The Independent House provides complete comfort for the residents. The Independent House lets you enjoy the lush greenery around. Meticulously designed to meet your housing needs, this unit has 1 bedroom and 1 bathroom. This rented Independent House has been developed as South facing in compliance with Vastu principles. The carpet area is 390 S

This is a well-designed 3 BHK Independent House available for rent. It is situated in a prime location of Madurai at Gomathipuram. This modern Independent House is semi furnished. The 3 BHK unit fulfills all the needs of a modern lifestyle for families. The Independent House provides complete comfort for the residents. The Independent House lets you enjoy the lush greenery around. Meticulously designed to meet your housing needs, this unit has 3 bedrooms and 3 bathroom. It includes 1 balcony allowing residents to catch a glimpse of the citys skyline. The total built-up area is 1455 square_feet. The total monthly rent is Rs 22000. The security deposit payable is Rs 150000. Project Highlights Numerous facilities have been provided for the comfort of the residents of this Independent House. This gated society at Gomathipuram brings all the modern conveniences to your doorstep. The locality is well-developed and gives access to important landmarks of Madurai. The property is in proximity t

house with pollution free zone, un interrupted water and EB facilities. CCTV coverage, More About This Property If you are looking for a modern house on rent in Madurai, this Independent House in Meenakshi Amman Nagar can be your perfect home. It is a 2 BHK Independent House designed to meet your space and lifestyle needs. The 2 BHK unit is Semi Furnished. This rented 2 BHK property is spacious and well-designed, with access to all the conveniences for any modern home seeker. It also has 1 balcony, giving uninterrupted views of the surroundings. There is lush greenery around this Independent House. It is a East facing Independent House designed as per Vastu principles. The carpet area of this unit is 960 Square feet. The built-up area is 1050 Square feet. The monthly rent payable for this Independent House is Rs 14000. The security deposit is Rs 85000. Project Highlights The project also offers 2 BHK units. Residents can access numerous facilities, including Garden. It is equipped with

Here is an excellent 1 BHK Independent House available for rent in Madurai. Surrounded by natural greens and equipped with numerous amenities, this rented 1 BHK house offers a comfortable lifestyle for families. It is a spacious property nestled in Anuppanadi that enjoys good connectivity to major landmarks of the city. The Independent House is designed as per modern construction standards. It has 1 bedroom and 1 bathroom. It is West facing. The 1 BHK unit is thoughtfully designed to meet the space needs of a modern family and allows ample sunlight and fresh air. This Independent House has 400 square_feet of built-up area. The monthly rent payable is Rs 16000, and the security deposit to be paid is Rs 200000. Project Highlights Several lifestyle amenities have been provided for the residents of this Independent House to ensure a sophisticated living. The locality Anuppanadi provides comfortable social infrastructure. Residents have easy access to various healthcare centres like Ahana H

This is a modern and stylish home available for affordable rent in Madurai. It is a 2 BHK Villa situated at TNHB Colony. Designed to meet your lifestyle needs, the Villa provides a range of modern amenities for the comfort of the residents. It is Semi Furnished. Modern home seekers will experience a comfortable living in this 2 BHK property. The 2 BHK unit is elegantly designed to meet your housing needs. The Villa has 2 bedrooms. It has 2 bathroom. The 2 BHK unit also includes 0 balcony giving splendid views of the surroundings. It is a North facing unit, designed as per Vastu principles. The built-up area of the Villa is 1000 Square feet. The carpet area is 700 Square feet. The monthly rent for the Villa is Rs 12500. The security deposit is Rs 100000. Project Highlights The developer also offers 2 BHK units as a part of this project. The locality TNHB Colony enjoys good connectivity and convenience in terms of a well-developed social infrastructure. There are hospitals in the vicinit

Check this beautiful 2 BHK Villa available for rent in Madurai. Nestled at a prime location in Podumbu, it is an ideal home for those looking for a modern lifestyle. The Villa is unfurnished, available for affordable rent. This 2 BHK unit is inside a gated society equipped with various amenities and ample greenery. The Villa is thoughtfully designed to ensure a comfortable living. It includes 2 bedrooms and 2 bathroom. It also has 0 balcony that have been spaciously designed and allow you to enjoy the magnificent views of the surroundings. The built-up area is 874 square_feet. The monthly rent for this Villa is Rs 14000, and the security deposit is Rs 50000. Project Highlights The Podumbu where the property is situated is well-developed and well-connected to the rest of the city. Several healthcare centres are in the vicinity of this Villa. They include Srinivasa Maternity Hospital, NTC Gastro and Multispeciality Hospitals, Amra Skin hospital The unit is in None. The reference number i

Your search for a spacious home at affordable rent in Madurai ends here. The 2 BHK property offers a serene environment with excellent views of the city. This Independent House is equipped with the latest lifestyle amenities and all the conveniences at the doorstep. It is Semi Furnished Independent House. The Independent House has been thoughtfully designed to meet a familys space needs, with 2 bedrooms. It includes 2 bathroom. There are 1 balcony that lets you enjoy scenic views. The built-up area of this Independent House is 1500 Square feet. The carpet area is 1400 Square feet. Residents need to pay a monthly rent of Rs 20000. The security deposit payable is Rs 75000. Project Highlights The Independent House is in proximity to major landmarks in Madurai. Families of this Independent House have easy access to healthcare centres when they need medical assistance, especially in emergencies. They include Sugam ENT Clinic, Rio Hospital for women and Children, and Bharathi Hospital Madura

easy accessbto bypass road, periyar bus stand, railway More About This Property This is a well-designed 4 BHK Independent House available for rent. It is situated in a prime location of Madurai at Kochadai. This modern Independent House is semi furnished. The 4 BHK unit fulfills all the needs of a modern lifestyle for families. The Independent House provides complete comfort for the residents. The Independent House lets you enjoy the lush greenery around. Meticulously designed to meet your housing needs, this unit has 4 bedrooms and 4 bathroom. It includes 1 balcony allowing residents to catch a glimpse of the citys skyline. This rented Independent House has been developed as North facing in compliance with Vastu principles. The carpet area is 2450 square_feet. The total built-up area is 4500 square_feet. The total monthly rent is Rs 45000. The security deposit payable is Rs 300000. Project Highlights Numerous facilities have been provided for the comfort of the residents of this Indep

If you are looking for a modern house on rent in Madurai, this Independent House in Kochadai can be your perfect home. It is a 4 BHK Independent House designed to meet your space and lifestyle needs. The 4 BHK unit is semi furnished. This rented 4 BHK property is spacious and well-designed, with access to all the conveniences for any modern home seeker. It also has 1 balcony, giving uninterrupted views of the surroundings. There is lush greenery around this Independent House. The carpet area of this unit is 1600 square_feet. The built-up area is 2000 square_feet. The monthly rent payable for this Independent House is Rs 30000. The security deposit is Rs 175000. Project Highlights The project also offers 4 BHK units. Residents can access numerous facilities, including Garden, Community hall. This Independent House provides power backup facility for the residents. It is equipped with the latest security features like cctv facility, ensuring a secure environment for families. The project

Are you looking for an affordable Villa for rent in Madurai?. Here is a spacious 2 BHK Villa in Mattuthavani, promising a comfortable lifestyle. The Villa is unfurnished. This property is designed to suit your space needs and has 2 bedrooms and 2 bathroom. It also includes 1 balcony. This rented Villa is East facing and compliant with Vastu Shastra principles. Nestled inside a gated society, this 2 BHK Villa is a perfect accommodation for families seeking a contemporary lifestyle. The built-up area of the residential property is 1160 square_feet. The Villa is available for a monthly rent of Rs 30000. The security deposit payable is Rs 100000. Project Highlights The developer is known for delivering quality projects in Madurai. There are attractive amenities available for the residents of this Villa that fulfil all the needs of a modern-day lifestyle The unit is in None. The reference number is 19275084

This Independent House can be a comfortable and affordable home for your family. It is a 2 BHK unit available on rent at KK Nagar in Madurai. This Independent House comes with a plethora of amenities to meet your modern lifestyle needs. It is fully furnished. Offering beautiful city views, this 2 BHK has been thoughtfully developed. It includes a total of 2 bedrooms and 5 bathroom. The property is South facing. It also includes 5 balcony that can be a perfect place for relaxation. The built-up area of the Independent House is 4300 square_feet. The carpet area is 1350 square_feet. The Independent House is available for a monthly rent of Rs 25000. The security deposit payable is Rs 300000. Project Highlights The locality KK Nagar where this Independent House is situated, has well-equipped social infrastructure. Those who need medical assistance in emergencies can be worry-free as there are hospitals close by, such as Ahana Hospitals - KK Nagar Branch, Ahana Hospitals - Gandhi Nagar Branc

Are you looking for an affordable Independent House for rent in Madurai?. Here is a spacious 4 BHK Independent House in Iyer Bungalow, promising a comfortable lifestyle. The Independent House is semi furnished. This property is designed to suit your space needs and has 4 bedrooms and 5 bathroom. It also includes 1 balcony. Nestled inside a gated society, this 4 BHK Independent House is a perfect accommodation for families seeking a contemporary lifestyle. The built-up area of the residential property is 3000 square_feet. The carpet area of this modern rented Independent House is 2400 square_feet. The Independent House is available for a monthly rent of Rs 50000. The security deposit payable is Rs 500000. Project Highlights The developer is known for delivering quality projects in Madurai. There are attractive amenities available for the residents of this Independent House that fulfil all the needs of a modern-day lifestyle The unit is in None. The reference number is 18810149

Easy access to Mainroad, just 100 meters from main road More About This Property This is a modern and stylish home available for affordable rent in Madurai. It is a 3 BHK Independent House situated at P and T Nagar. Designed to meet your lifestyle needs, the Independent House provides a range of modern amenities for the comfort of the residents. It is semi furnished. Modern home seekers will experience a comfortable living in this 3 BHK property. The 3 BHK unit is elegantly designed to meet your housing needs. The Independent House has 3 bedrooms. It has 3 bathroom. The 3 BHK unit also includes 1 balcony giving splendid views of the surroundings. It is a West facing unit, designed as per Vastu principles. The built-up area of the Independent House is 2400 square_feet. The carpet area is 2350 square_feet. The monthly rent for the Independent House is Rs 40000. The security deposit is Rs 250000. Project Highlights The developer also offers 3 BHK units as a part of this project. The prope

If you are looking for a modern house on rent in Madurai, this Independent House in Madakkulam can be your perfect home. It is a 3 BHK Independent House designed to meet your space and lifestyle needs. The 3 BHK unit is semi furnished. This rented 3 BHK property is spacious and well-designed, with access to all the conveniences for any modern home seeker. It also has 0 balcony, giving uninterrupted views of the surroundings. There is lush greenery around this Independent House. It is a East facing Independent House designed as per Vastu principles. The carpet area of this unit is 2800 square_feet. The built-up area is 3500 square_feet. The monthly rent payable for this Independent House is Rs 55000. The security deposit is Rs 300000. Project Highlights The project also offers 3 BHK units. It is equipped with the latest security features like cctv facility, ensuring a secure environment for families. The project also enjoys a strategic location with easy access to healthcare centres suc

Spacious independent villa, with ac in every room, power backup, private car park garage, fully gated independent property with garden area, massive terrace and additional balcony. Looking for vegetarians only. Available for rent immediately. More About This Property Check out this Independent House available for rent in Thuvariman in Madurai. It is a 3 BHK unit that comes at an affordable rent, with modern features and premium amenities to suit your lifestyle needs. The unit is semi furnished. It is an North facing property that has been constructed as per Vastu principles. With numerous new-age amenities and green surroundings, this Independent House provides a convenient lifestyle for residents. A spacious house for your family, this unit includes 3 bedrooms. There are 3 bathroom and 2 balcony. It has a built-up area of 1400 square_feet. The carpet area is 1250 square_feet. The monthly rent is Rs 21000 and the security deposit to be paid by residents is Rs 100000. Project Highlights

House for rent, nice place, house includes A/C, cooperation water More About This Property This Independent House can be a comfortable and affordable home for your family. It is a 1 BHK unit available on rent at Doak Nagar in Madurai. This Independent House comes with a plethora of amenities to meet your modern lifestyle needs. It is unfurnished. Offering beautiful city views, this 1 BHK has been thoughtfully developed. It includes a total of 1 bedroom and 2 bathroom. The property is West facing. It also includes 1 balcony that can be a perfect place for relaxation. The built-up area of the Independent House is 1600 square_feet. The carpet area is 200 square_feet. The Independent House is available for a monthly rent of Rs 20000. The security deposit payable is Rs 0. Project Highlights The property provides a secure environment for the residents as it has the latest safety features like cctv facility. The locality Doak Nagar where this Independent House is situated, has well-equipped s

Your search for a spacious home at affordable rent in Madurai ends here. This 2 BHK Independent House in Kamarajar Salai is all that you have been looking for! Designed as South facing, the unit is compliant with Vastu principles. The 2 BHK property offers a serene environment with excellent views of the city. This Independent House is equipped with the latest lifestyle amenities and all the conveniences at the doorstep. It is semi furnished Independent House. The Independent House has been thoughtfully designed to meet a familys space needs, with 2 bedrooms. It includes 2 bathroom. There are 0 balcony that lets you enjoy scenic views. The built-up area of this Independent House is 1125 square_feet. Residents need to pay a monthly rent of Rs 23000. The security deposit payable is Rs 150000. Project Highlights The Independent House is in proximity to major landmarks in Madurai. Families of this Independent House have easy access to healthcare centres when they need medical assistance, e